Branislava Perović Nešković je bila doktor fizike i jedina direktorka Nuklearnog instituta u Vinči.
Branislava se kao vrlo mlada uključila u napredni pokret i već u srednjoj školi bila članica SKOJ-a. U petom razredu gimnazije (u Banja Luci) je bila izbačena iz škole zbog deljenja letaka o ubijenom kralju Aleksandru Karađorđeviću. Razred je završila u Beogradu. 1938. godine u Beogradu upisuje Tehnički fakultet, a ubrzo biva primljena u članstvo Komunističke partije.
Pored studija fizike, Branislava je bila veoma aktivna članica Partije i 1940. je izabrana da radi u ilegalnoj štampariji, kada i sama Branislava prelazi u ilegalu. Nakon okupacije zemlje 1941. godine Branislava se po direktivi vraća u svoje rodno mesto (Banja Luku) i tamo radi na pripremi ustanka. Međutim, ubrzo je bila pozvana da se vrati u Beograd kako bi nastavila da radi u štampariji. Branislava je održavala vezi između Pokrajinskog komiteta i Centralnog komiteta KPJ. Bila je urednica jugoslovenskog omladinskog lista „Omladina“, višestruko odlikovana za učešće u ratu i nosilac Partizanske spomenice 1941.
Nakon rata Branislava uspeva da nastavi sa prekinutim studijama uprkos opstrukcijama na koje je naišla (pre svega od strane Milovana Đilasa), te diplomira 1951. na beogradskom Elektrotehničkom fakultetu. Na Institutu za nuklearne nauke „Vinča“ je bila je deo tima koji je projektovao i napravio neke od najsloženijih fizičkih instrumenata i opreme. 1964. brani doktorsku disertaciju „Interakcija teških jona srednjih energija sa čvrstim telom“.
Branislava je bila uključena u pionirske projekte iz oblasti jonizovanih gasova i atomskih sudara, osnovala je Odeljenje za separaciju radioaktivnih izotopa i Laboratoriju za atomsku fiziku.
Branislava je bila generalna direktorka Instituta za nuklearne nauke „Vinča“ od 1976. do 1979, čime je postala prva žena na čelu prirodnjačke naučnoistraživačke institucije u istoriji Jugoslavije. Takođe je radila kao profesorka na Elektrotehničkom fakultetu u Beogradu, bavila sa prevođenjem stručnih i naučnopopularnih radova i bila je koautorka nekoliko priručnika i monografija iz fizike jonizovanih gasova.
Branislava Perović Nešković had a PhD in physics and was the only female director of Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences in its history.
As a teenager Branislava joined a progressive movement and became a member of League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia while being in the high school. She was expelled from high school in Banja Luka for handing out leaflets regarding assassinated king Alexander I of Yugoslavia. After this she had finished her high school in Belgrade and in 1938 she was enrolled in the Faculty of Technical Sciences. Soon after she was admitted to the Communist Party.
Apart from studying physics, Branislava was an active member of the Party and in 1940 she had been chosen to work in an illegal printing office, and that is when she begun living in illegality. After the invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941 Branislava got an order to go back to her hometown, Banja Luka and work on organising an uprising there. However, she was soon called to come back to Belgrade in order to continue working in the printing office. Branislava was the one who maintained the connection between the Province Committee and the Central Committee of the Party. She was the editor of a youth magazine and was honoured multiple times for her participation in the war and received the Medal of the Partisans.
After the war Branislava managed to continue her studies interrupted by war/ Despite certain obstructions she graduated in 1951 at the University of Belgrade. At the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences she was apart of the team which designed and made some of the most complex instruments and equipment. In 1964 she defended her dissertation.
Branislava was involved in pioneer project regarding ionized gases and atomic collision, and she founded Department for the separation of radiactive isotopes and Laboratory for atomic physics.
She was managing director of Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences from 1976 until 1979. She was also a professor at the School of Electrical Engineering in Belgrade, she translated scientific papers and she was a coauthor of several manuals and monographs in ionised gases.